Average Presbyopic Additions for Various Age Groups in Korean

As a gradual loss of elasticity of lens with advancing age, the power of accomodation becomes progressively smaller, and eventually the near-point has receded beyond the distance which causes difficulty in seeing near object clearly. This condition is known as presbyopia. Presbyopia is treated by means of convex lenses added to the distance correction. The power of the lens required for clear vision for near work varies with an individual's habits, age, occupation, length of arms, and accustomed distance of doing near work. A rule of thumb method for prescribing presbyopic additions has been presented respectively by Lyle et al(May and Worth's manual of diseases of the eye), and by Sloane(Approximate average adds for various age groups). Average presbyopic additions had been investigated in 869 healthy Koreans with normal visual acuity over age 41 from November 1, 1969 to October 31, 1981. The results were as follows: 1. The rate of the patients for whom presbyopic additions were not ordered; between ages of 41 and 45: 30.4% of emmetropia, 51. 5% of myopic refractive error, 10.4% of hyperopic refractive error, 20.0% of others, between ages of 46 and 50: 5. 1 % of myopic refractive error, 2.1% of hyperopic refractive error. 2. The average presbyopic additions for various age groups based upon the 95% statistical reliability were as follows; 41 to 45: + 1.00D or + 1.25D, 46 to 50: + 1.50D or + 1.75D, 51 to 55: + 2.00D, 56 to 60: + 2.25D or + 2.50D, 61 to 65: + 2.50D 66 to 70: + 2.75D.

Trichoepithelioma

Trichoepithelioma. so named by Jarisch(1894), is a rare benign neoplasm of the skin on face and eyelid. The solitary type which is the most usual form seen in the eyelid occurs mainly in adult, on the other hand multiple type begin to appear at adolescence or puberty as a dominantly inherited condition. A 21 year-old korean female was found to have trichoepithelioma in her left lower eyelid mangm.

Atypical Pseudomonas Keratitis

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the most common and the most severe Gram-negative corneal pathogen. Pseudomonas keratitis often arises from the use of a contaminated fluorescein solution or from contaminated medications used either to examine or to treat a corneal abrasion or injury. Pseudomonas keratitis is an acute rapidly progressive corneal ulcer with greenish pus and hypopyon. A 49 year old Korean woman was found to have pseudomonas keratitis whose clinical features. were different from the classic pattern of pseudomonas keratitis.

A Case of Acute Interstitial Keratitis with Congenital Syphilis

Since the time of Jonathan Hutchinson(1858~63), it has been known that over 90% of cases of diffuse interstitial keratitis occur in syphilitic patients. Interstitial keratitis is due to acquired syphilis in 4% of cases and the other 6% of cases due to tuberculosis, sarcoid, trypanosomiasis, onchocerciasis and other rare infections. After the introduction of penicillin by Mahoney et al. in 1943 for syphilis therapy, syphilis epidemy was sharply decreased throughout the world. However, during the middle 1950's the incidence of syphilis began to increase throughout the world. In Korea. the syphilis incidence has been increased since around 1963-1965 in parallel with the world trends(Kim and Lew 1968). A 6 year old Korean girl has been found to have bilateral acute interstitial keratitis and a positive serological test for syphilis.